過去進行時

01 定義

過去進行時(Past continuous tense或Past Progressive tense)，表示過去在某一時間段或某一段時間內(nèi)正在發(fā)生或進行的動作或狀態(tài)。

在英語時態(tài)中，“時“指 動作 發(fā)生的時間，”態(tài)“指動作的樣子和 狀態(tài) 。

02 結(jié)構(gòu)

was/were+v-ing形式

當(dāng)主語為單數(shù)時，助動詞用was，其余情況下都用were.(v-ing形式為“動詞的ing形式”的簡寫形式。)

03 標(biāo)志詞

與過去進行時常搭配的時間狀語：at the time“在那時”/at this time yesterday“在昨天這個時候”/at 9:00 yesterday morning“在昨天早上的9點鐘時”等等。

I was doing my homework at that time.

那時我正在家做我的家庭作業(yè)。(I屬于第一人稱單數(shù)形式，所以be動詞選擇was，was為is的一般過去時。Was+doing構(gòu)成過去進行時的結(jié)構(gòu)。do one's homework為固定搭配“做某人的家庭作業(yè)”。at that time)為固定的過去的時間狀語“在那時”，常與過去時態(tài)的句子連用。)

04 基本句式

1.肯定句：主語+was/were+v-ing形式+其他成分。

We were playing the piano at eight last night.昨晚8點鐘我們正在彈鋼琴。(we為復(fù)數(shù)的第一人稱，所以be動詞要用復(fù)數(shù)的are，were為are的一般過去時態(tài)。Were+playing構(gòu)成句子的過去進行時，句子中具體的過去時間狀語是at eight last night“昨晚8點鐘”，提醒大家，此句子的謂語動詞要用過去時態(tài)。冉老師還要提醒大家，play the piano”彈鋼琴”與play basketball”打籃球”。樂器有the，運動類無the.)2. 否定句：主語+wasn't/weren't+v-ing形式+其他成分。

We weren't playing the piano at eight last night.

昨晚八點我們沒有在彈鋼琴。(weren't=were+not,是兩個單詞的縮略形式。過去進行時的否定形式和大部分否定一樣，把not放在動詞之后，此句的動詞是be動詞，所以not的位置就在be動詞之后。)3. 一般疑問句：Was/were+主語+v-ing形式+其他成分?

Were you playing the piano at eight last night?

你們昨晚8點鐘在彈鋼琴嗎?(類似于含有be動詞的一般疑問句一樣，首先要把be動詞提前，然后按照原句，變換句中的人稱代詞。此句子中，在陳述句中的we“我們”，疑問句中就要變成you“你們”，注意，句末的句號也要變成問號。)一般疑問句的回答

肯定回答：Yes,主語+was/were.否定回答：No,主語+was't/weren't.Were you playing the piano at eight last night?

肯定回答-Yes, we were.是的，我們在彈鋼琴。否定回答-No,we weren't.不，我們沒有在彈鋼琴。4.特殊疑問句：疑問詞+was/were+主語+v-ing形式+其它?

—What was he doing at this time yesterday?

—He was reading books.

05 用法

一、過去進行時的主要用法是描述一件事發(fā)生的背景;一個長動作發(fā)生的時候，另一個短動作發(fā)生。

常用的時間狀語this morning, the whole morning, all day yesterday, from nine to ten last evening, when, whileWe were watching TV from seven to nine last night.

昨天晚上七點到九點的時候我們在看電視。What was he researching all day last Sunday?上周日他一整天都在研究什么?My brother fell while he was riding his bicycle and hurt himself.我哥哥騎自行車的時候從車上摔下來，受傷了。It was raining when they left the station.他們離開車站的時候天正在下雨。When I got to the top of the mountain, the sun was shining.當(dāng)我到達山頂?shù)臅r候，陽光燦爛。二、 過去進行時可以表示在過去某個時間點發(fā)生的事情。時間點可以用介詞短語、副詞或從句來表示。

What was she doing at nine o'clock yesterday?

昨天晚上九點她在做什么?(介詞短語表示時間點)When I saw him he was decorating his room.當(dāng)我看見他的時候他正在裝飾房間。(when從句表示時間點)三、 在復(fù)合句中，如果主要動作和背景動作都是延續(xù)的或同時發(fā)生的，那么主從句的動詞都可用過去進行時。

While he was waiting for the bus, he was reading a newspaper.

他邊等車邊看報。(兩個動作都是延續(xù)的)He was cleaning his car while I was cooking.他擦車時我在做飯。(兩個動作同時進行)四、 通常不能用于過去進行時的動詞主要有：agree, be, believe, belong, care, forget, hate, have(擁有), hear, know, like, love, mean, mind, notice, own, remember, seem, suppose, understand, want, wish等。

誤：I was knowing the answer.

典型例題：

正：I knew the answer. 我知道答案。誤：I wasn't understanding him.正：I didn't understand him. 我不明白他的意思。

1) Mary ___ a dress when she cut her finger.A. made B. is making C. was making D. makes答案C. 割傷手指是已發(fā)生的事情，應(yīng)用過去時。同時，when表時間的同時性，“瑪麗在做衣服時”提供事情發(fā)生的背景，因此用過去進行時。2) As she ___ the newspaper, Granny ___ asleep.

A. read; was falling　B. was reading; fellC. was reading; was falling　D. read;fell答案B.句中的as = when, while，意為"當(dāng)……之時"。描述一件事發(fā)生的背景時，用過去進行;一個長動作發(fā)生的時候，另一個短動作發(fā)生。句意為 "在她看報紙時，奶奶睡著了。"句中的 fell (fall的過去時)，是系動詞，后跟形容詞，如：fall sick。

06 過去進行時與一般過去時的區(qū)別

試比較：

一、 時間狀語不同一般過去時的時間狀語主要有：yesterday (morning, afternoon, evening), last night (week, month, year), ago, the day before yesterday, in 2003, just now, long long ago, one day等;過去進行時的時間狀語有：at this / that time yesterday, the whole evening, all day yesterday等。He introduced Tom to us just now.剛才他向我們介紹了湯姆。She was doing some washing all day yesterday.昨天她洗了一整天的衣服。二、 強調(diào)動作的角度不同一般過去時強調(diào)動作的發(fā)生或狀態(tài)的存在;而過去進行時強調(diào)動作正在進行的延續(xù)性。I got up at five the day before yesterday.前天我是五點起床的。He was painting the lab the whole day yesterday.昨天他一整天都在粉刷實驗室。三、 動詞的特點不同1. 行為動詞在這兩種時態(tài)中均可使用。We planted trees two days ago.兩天前我們植樹了。We were planting trees this time last Friday.上周五這時候我們在植樹。2. 有些動詞只用于一般過去時，而不能用于過去進行時。1) 表示感觀的動詞：feel, hear, know, see, smell, taste等。2) 表示狀態(tài)、感情的動詞：be, dislike, have, hate, love, like, want, wish等。3) 表示心理活動的動詞：forget, realize, recognize, remember, understand等。4) 表示所屬關(guān)系的動詞：own, belong 等。3. 一般過去時的謂語動詞既可是延續(xù)性的也可是終止性的;過去進行時的謂語動詞只能是延續(xù)性的。Li Jian joined the army in 1998.李健于1998年參軍。( join為終止性動詞)She was cooking at that time. 那時她在做飯。(cook為延續(xù)性動詞)四、 情感不同一般過去時是對過去事實的客觀描述，語氣比較客觀、肯定;過去進行時有時也可表示埋怨、厭煩等情緒，帶有描繪性和感情色彩。

試比較：

The plane took off late this morning.這架飛機今天早上起飛晚了。(說明客觀事實)The plane was always taking off late.這架飛機總是起飛晚。(帶有埋怨情緒，指責(zé)某事的發(fā)生)

07 過去進行時的句子20個

When/While we were having supper,the light went out.我們正在吃飯時燈熄滅了.I was walking in the street when someone called me.我正在街上走時突然有人喊我.While he was waiting for the bus,he was reading a newspaper.他邊等車邊看報.He was cleaning his car while I was cooking.他擦車時我在做飯Tom was getting up at six o’clock every day that week.湯姆那一周里每天都是六點鐘起床.John was always coming to school late.約翰上學(xué)總是遲到.Lei Feng was always doing good deeds for the people.雷鋒總是為人民做好事.I was leaving for Wuhan that day.那天我正要去武漢.She was coming later.她隨后就來.My parents were watching TV at 8:00 last night.昨晚八點鐘時我的父母親都在看電視.They were swimming in the swimming pool this time last week.上個星期的這個時候他們正在游泳池游泳.the teacher came in,I was singing.老師進來時我正在唱歌.When someone knocked at the door,we were having supper.有人敲門時,我們正在吃晚飯.He was always ringing me up.他老是給我打電話.What were you doing at ten yesterday ?昨天10點你在干什么?What were you doing at 8:00 last night昨晚8：00你在做什么?I was watching TV.我在看電視.What were you doing at nine last night?昨晚九點時,你在做什么?I called you yesterday afternoon but there was no answer.昨天下午我打電話給你,但是沒有人接電話.I was visiting a friend of mine most of the afternoon.我昨天下午大部分時間,都在一個朋友家里.It was raining hard when I left my office.

當(dāng)我離開辦公室時,雨下得正大.

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